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Educ. med. super ; 28(1): 84-91, ene.-mar. 2014.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-711028

ABSTRACT

Introducción: en los sistemas de reporte de eventos adversos es poco común que se integren estudiantes de pregrado. Es importante que puedan desarrollar la competencia/cultura de identificación y reporte de eventos adversos y esto permitirá el incremento de información para los hospitales/sistemas de salud. Objetivo: describir cómo la capacitación permite fomentar la cultura de reporte de eventos adversos entre estudiantes de Medicina, Nutrición e Ingeniería biomédica. Métodos: estudio retrospectivo, transversal, y analítico de reportes de eventos adversos descritos por estudiantes de Medicina, Nutrición e Ingeniería biomédica y residentes de calidad en Medicina. Se clasificaron los eventos adversos, cuasifallas y centinelas. Las variables de correcto y completo fueron identificadas y la información de reportó con estadísticas descriptivas con los programas STATA Ver. 8.0. Resultados: se recabaron 203 reportes. Los estudiantes fueron de: Medicina 157, Ingeniería biomédica 28, Nutrición 13 y residentes de calidad 7. El 37 % (73 casos) fueron reportes correctos y 52 % (104) fueron completos. Los reportes tanto completos como correctos fueron 19 % (38 casos). Conclusiones: hay partes del reporte de eventos adversos que tienden a no reportarse, limitando el análisis de estos. Se requiere seguir enfatizando en los estudiantes de pregrado la importancia de estos reportes y de que sean llenados sin evadir datos. La competencia de identificación de eventos adversos en estudiantes puede ser determinante para mejorar los sistemas de reporte de eventos adversos, puede fortalecer la cultura de reporte de eventos adversos y todo esto puede mejorar la seguridad del paciente.


Introduction: the involvement of undergraduate students in the systems of adverse event reporting is infrequent. It is then important that they can develop the competence and the culture of identifying and reporting adverse events that will allow providing more information for hospitals and health care systems. Objective: to describe how training makes it possible to encourage the culture of reporting adverse events in medical, nutrition and biomedical engineering students. Methods: retrospective, cross-sectional and analytical study of reports of adverse events described by medical, nutrition and biomedical engineering students as well as medical residents. The adverse events, quasi-faults and sentinels were all classified. The variables called correct and complete were identified and the information was presented with summary statistics using STATA 8.0 programs. Results: two hundred and three reports were collected. The participants were 157 medical students, 28 from biomedical engineering, 13 from nutrition and 7 quality medical residents. In this group, 37 % (73 cases) were correct reports and 52 % (104 cases) were complete. Complete and correct reports represented 19 % (38 cases). Conclusions: some part of the adverse reports tended to be unreported, thus restricting their analysis. It is required to continue insisting on all the undergraduate students about the importance of these reports and of duly and completely filled them in. The competence of identification of adverse events of the students could be determining to improve the systems of adverse event reporting, could strengthen the culture about this process and all this may lead to the improvement of the patient safety.

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